Syndicating content with proper (intended) use of XML, RSS etc is TOTALLY, 100% fine with search engines. Defining intended use is where a lot of people abuse and “steal” content.
Directly reformatting XML and RSS, etc is kinda shady and most likely illegal – if it’s copyright, or the author has some license against the usage. If this content exists elsewhere and has been noted by the SE’d then yes, you WILL get penalized.
If you distribute the content by parsing the content with scripts that have a clearly defined source in the HTML then the spiders will read through it, see the external link and won’t tag that content as duplicate.